GHS危险说明和防护代码
GHS危险说明和防护代码
Physical Hazards物理性危害
| H200 | Unstable explosives. |
| H201 | Explosive; mass explosion hazard. |
| H202 | Explosive, severe projection hazard. |
| H203 | Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard. |
| H204 | Fire or projection hazard. |
| H205 | May mass explode in fire. |
| H206 | Fire, blast or projection hazard; increased risk of explosion if desensitizing agent is reduced. |
| H207 | Fire or projection hazard; increased risk of explosion if desensitizing agent is reduced. |
| H208 | Fire hazard; increased risk of explosion if desensitizing agent is reduced. |
| H220 | Extremely flammable gas. |
| H221 | Flammable gas. |
| H222 | Extremely flammable aerosol. |
| H223 | Flammable aerosol. |
| H224 | Extremely flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H227 | Combustible liquid. |
| H228 | Flammable solid. |
| H229 | Pressurised container: may burst if heated. |
| H230 | May react explosively even in the absence of air. |
| H231 | May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature. |
| H232 | May ignite spontaneously if exposed to air. |
| H240 | Heating may cause an explosion. |
| H241 | Heating may cause a fire or explosion. |
| H242 | Heating may cause a fire. |
| H250 | Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air. |
| H251 | Self-heating: may catch fire. |
| H252 | Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire. |
| H260 | In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously. |
| H261 | In contact with water releases flammable gases. |
| H270 | May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer. |
| H271 | May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer. |
| H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer. |
| H280 | Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. |
| H281 | Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury. |
| H290 | May be corrosive to metals. |
Health Hazards健康危险性
| H300 | Fatal if swallowed. |
| H300 + H310 | Fatal if swallowed or in contact with skin. |
| H300 + H310 + H330 | Fatal if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H300 + H330 | Fatal if swallowed or if inhaled. |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
| H301 + H311 | Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin. |
| H301 + H311 + H331 | Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H301 + H331 | Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled. |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
| H302 + H312 | Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin. |
| H302 + H312 + H332 | Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H302 + H332 | Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled. |
| H303 | May be harmful if swallowed. |
| H303 + H313 | May be harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin. |
| H303 + H313 + H333 | May be harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H303 + H333 | May be harmful if swallowed or if inhaled. |
| H304 | May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. |
| H305 | May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways. |
| H310 | Fatal in contact with skin. |
| H310 + H330 | Fatal in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H311 + H331 | Toxic in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H312 | Harmful in contact with skin. |
| H312 + H332 | Harmful in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H313 | May be harmful in contact with skin. |
| H313 + H333 | May be harmful in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation. |
| H315 + H320 | Causes skin and eye irritation. |
| H316 | Causes mild skin irritation. |
| H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction. |
| H318 | Causes serious eye damage. |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation. |
| H320 | Causes eye irritation. |
| H330 | Fatal if inhaled. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled. |
| H333 | May be harmful if inhaled. |
| H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation. |
| H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness. |
| H340 | May cause genetic defects. |
| H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects. |
| H350 | May cause cancer. |
| H350i* | May cause cancer by inhalation. |
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer. |
| H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child. |
| H360D* | May damage the unborn child. |
| H360Df* | May damage the unborn child. Suspected of damaging fertility. |
| H360F* | May damage fertility. |
| H360FD* | May damage fertility. May damage the unborn child. |
| H360Fd* | May damage fertility. Suspected of damaging the unborn child. |
| H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. |
| H361d* | Suspected of damaging the unborn child. |
| H361f* | Suspected of damaging fertility. |
| H361fd* | Suspected of damaging fertility. Suspected of damaging the unborn child. |
| H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children. |
| H370 | Causes damage to organs. |
| H371 | May cause damage to organs. |
| H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. |
| H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. |
Environmental Hazards环境危害
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life. |
| H401 | Toxic to aquatic life. |
| H402 | Harmful to aquatic life. |
| H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
| H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
| H413 | May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life. |
| H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmospere. |
European Union Hazard Statements欧盟危险声明：
| EUH001 | Explosive when dry. |
| EUH014 | Reacts violently with water. |
| EUH018 | In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. |
| EUH019 | May form explosive peroxides. |
| EUH029 | Contact with water liberates toxic gas. |
| EUH031 | Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. |
| EUH032 | Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. |
| EUH044 | Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. |
| EUH066 | Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. |
| EUH070 | Toxic by eye contact. |
| EUH071 | Corrosive to the respiratory tract. |
| EUH201 | Contains lead. Should not be used on surfaces liable to be chewed or sucked by children. |
| EUH201A | Warning! Contains lead. |
| EUH202 | Cyanoacrylate. Danger. Bonds skin and eyes in seconds. Keep out of the reach of children. |
| EUH203 | Contains chromium (VI). May produce an allergic reaction. |
| EUH204 | Contains isocyanates. May produce an allergic reaction. |
| EUH205 | Contains epoxy constituents. May produce an allergic reaction. |
| EUH206 | Warning! Do not use together with other products. May release dangerous gases (chlorine). |
| EUH207 | Warning! Contains cadmium. Dangerous fumes are formed during use. See information supplied by the manufacturer. Comply with the safety instructions. |
| EUH208 | Contains (name of sensitising substance). May produce an allergic reaction. |
| EUH209 | Can become highly flammable in use. |
| EUH209A | Can become flammable in use. |
| EUH210 | Safety data sheet available on request. |
| EUH401 | To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the instructions for use. |
Precautionary Statements
安全防护声明
P242 Use non-sparking tools.
P243 Take action to prevent static discharges.
P244 Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease.
P250 Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction/....
P251 Do not pierce or burn, even after use.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P263 Avoid contact during pregnancy and while nursing.
P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P282 Wear cold insulating gloves and either face shield or eye protection.
P283 Wear fire resistant or flame retardant clothing.
P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.
Precautionary statements - Response 防护声明
P301 IF SWALLOWED:
P302 IF ON SKIN:
P303 IF ON SKIN (or hair):
P304 IF INHALED:
P305 IF IN EYES:
P306 IF ON CLOTHING:
P308 IF exposed or concerned:
P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...
P311 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...
P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/.../if you feel unwell.
P313 Get medical advice/attention.
P314 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315 Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).
P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P330 Rinse mouth.
P331 Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332 If skin irritation occurs:
P333 If skin irritation or rash occurs:
P334 Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages].
P335 Brush off loose particles from skin.
P336 Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337 If eye irritation persists:
P338 Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340 Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P341 If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342 If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350 Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351 Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352 Wash with plenty of water/...
P353 Rinse skin with water [or shower].
P360 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P361 Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362 Take off contaminated clothing.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P364 And wash it before reuse.
P370 In case of fire:
P371 In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372 Explosion risk.
P373 DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P375 Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P376 Stop leak if safe to do so.
P377 Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378 Use ... to extinguish.
P380 Evacuate area.
P381 In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
P390 Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391 Collect spillage.
P301+P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/....
P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/... IF you feel unwell.
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302+P334 IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water or wrap in wet bandages.
P302 +P335 +P334 IF ON SKIN: Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water or wrap in wet bandages.
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
P304+P312 IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/... if you feel unwell.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306+P360 IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P308+P311 IF exposed or concerned: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...
P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P332+P313 IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P336 + P315 Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342+P311 If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER/ doctor/...
P361 + P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P362 + P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P370 +P372 +P380 +P373 In case of fire: Explosion risk. Evacuate area. DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P370+P376 In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so.
P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish.
P370+P380+P375 In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P370 +P380 +P375 +P378 In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. [Use ... to extinguish.]
P371+P380+P375 In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Precautionary statements — Storage
P401 Store in accordance with ...
P402 Store in a dry place.
P403 Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404 Store in a closed container.
IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P405 Store locked up.
P406 Store in corrosive resistant/ ... container with aresistant inner liner.
P407 Maintain air gap between stacks or pallets.
P410 Protect from sunlight.
P411 Store at temperatures not exceeding ... °C/ ... °F.
P412 Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/ 122 °F.
P413 Store bulk masses greater than ... kg/ ... lbs at temperatures not exceeding ... °C/ ... °F.
P420 Store separately.
P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410+P412 Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/122 °F.
Precautionary statements — Disposal预防声明
P501 Dispose of contents/container to..…
P502 Refer to manufacturer or supplier for informationon on recovery or recycling.
P503 Refer to manufacturer/supplier…for information on disposal/ recovery/recycling.
PICTOGRAMS AND HAZARD CODES
危险告知图及安全代码
Compared to the current EU system the most noticeable change are the pictograms (formerly: hazard symbols). While the most of the GHS pictograms
have an equivalent in the old system, the pictograms GHS 04, GHS 07 and GHS 08 are completely new.
The GHS System is built on 16 physical, 10 health and 3 environmental hazard classes and comprises the following communication elements:
9 Pictograms 9张危险性告知图
| Description | Pictogram | Hazard class and hazard category: |
| Exploding Bomb GHS01 |   | Unstable explosives Explosives of Divisions 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Self reactive substances and mixtures, Types A,B Organic peroxides, Types A,B |
| Flame GHS02 |  | Flammable gases, category 1 Flammable aerosols, categories 1,2 Flammable liquids, categories 1,2,3 Flammable solids, categories 1,2 Self-reactive substances and mixtures, Types B,C,D,E,F Pyrophoric liquids, category 1 Pyrophoric solids, category 1 Self-heating substances and mixtures, categories 1,2 Substances and mixtures, which in contact with water, emit flammable gases, categories 1,2,3 Organic peroxides, Types B,C,D,E,F |
| Flame Over Circle GHS03 |  | Oxidizing gases, category 1 Oxidizing liquids, categories 1,2,3 |
| Gas Cylinder GHS04 |  | Gases under pressure: - Compressed gases - Liquefied gases - Refrigerated liquefied gases - Dissolved gases |
| Corrosion GHS05 |  | Corrosive to metals, category 1 Skin corrosion, categories 1A,1B,1C Serious eye damage, category 1 |
| Skull and Crossbones GHS06 |  | Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), categories 1,2,3 |
| Exclamation Mark GHS07 |  | Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), category 4 Skin irritation, category 2 Eye irritation, category 2 Skin sensitisation, category 1 Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single exposure, category 3 |
| Health Hazard GHS08 |  | Respiratory sensitization, category 1 Germ cell mutagenicity, categories 1A,1B,2 Carcinogenicity, categories 1A,1B,2 Reproductive toxicity, categories 1A,1B,2 Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single exposure, categories 1,2 Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated exposure, categories 1,2 Aspiration Hazard, category 1 |
| Environment GHS09 |  | Hazardous to the aquatic environment - Acute hazard, category1 - Chronic hazard, categories 1,2 |
GHS标签中编码的含义
危险说明：
危险说明是对某个危险种类和类别所做的陈述，用于描述危险产品的危险性质，根据情况可包括危险程度。
危险说明的编码：
每一危险说明均设定一个专门的字母-数字混合代码，由 1 个字母和 3 个数字组成，具体如下：
1、字母“H”(代表“危险说明”)；
2、一个数字，代表按照《全球统一制度》不同部分编号设定的危险说明所指的危险类型，具体如下：
“2”代表物理危险；（如：H224 极易燃液体和蒸气）
“3”代表健康危险；（如：H314造成严重皮肤灼伤和眼损伤）
“4”代表环境危险；（如：H400对水生生物毒性极大）
3、两个数字，对应于物质或混合物固有属性引起的危险的序列编号，如：爆炸性(代码 200 至210)、易燃性(代码 220 至 230)，等等。
防护说明：
防护说明是一段描述(或图形)，用于说明建议采取的措施，以尽可能减少或防止由于接触危险品，或者不适当的贮存或搬运危险品而造成有害影响。 在《全球统一制度》中，共有 5 类防护说明：一般、预防、应对(在意外溢漏或接触情况下， 为紧急反应和急救)、存放和处置。关于如何使用《全球统一制度》防护说明的指导，包括为《全球统一制度》每一危险种类和类别选择适当说明的建议。
防护说明的编码：
每一防护说明均设定一个专门的字母-数字混合代码，由 1 个字母和 3个数字组成，具体如 下：
1、 字母“P”(代表“防护说明”)；
2、 一个数字，代表防护说明的类型，具体如下：
“1”代表一般防护说明；（如：P101 如需求医，请随身携带产品容器或标签。）
“2”代表预防措施说明；（如：P201 使用前取得专用说明。）
“3”代表应急措施说明；（如：P310 立即呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……。）
“4”代表存放防护说明；（如：P405 存放处须加锁。）
“5”代表处置防护说明；（如：P501处置废弃物请参照所在地方或国家法规。）
3、两个数字(对应于防护说明的序列编号)。
注意事项：
无论危险说明编码还是防护说明编码仅用作参考， 此种代码并非危险说明和防护说明文字的一部分，实际使用中不应用其替代危险说明和防护说明文字。
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